Case Study- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with worsened clinical symptoms and prognosis. The prevalence of PH-COPD is not concretely established as classification criteria vary historically, but the presence of severe disease out of proportion to underlying COPD is relatively rare. Right heart catheterization, the gold standard in diagnosis of PH, is infrequently performed in COPD, and the overlap in the clinical symptoms of PH and COPD presents diagnostic challenges. Proven treatments are limited. Trials exploring the use of vasodilator therapy in this patient group generally demonstrate improvements in hemodynamic accompanied by worsening gas exchange without clearly demonstrated improvements in clinically meaningful outcomes. In-depth workup of underlying pulmonary hypertension and use of pulmonary vasodilator medications may be appropriate on an individual basis. We present a case study and a review and discussion of the pertinent literature on this topic. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a very common condition especially found among those of the older generation who have a history of smoking, a widely accepted practice where harmful effects were not known in the 1940’s, 1950’s, and even the early 1960’s (Cummings & Proctor, 2015). The long term effects of smoking were eventually understood in the scientific community as people would present with cases of diminished lung function. The risks were published and shared with the public as the medical community better understood the phenomenon (Cummings & Proctor, 2015). After the effects of smoking on lung function became better understood, treatments were devised and experimented to help improve respiratory status. Reactive airway disease and its treatment also played a role in the development of treatment for those who had the condition labeled as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Some of the treatments that were developed were in the classes of medications labeled as beta 2 agonists, anticholinergics, also known as muscarinic receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids. Each agent demonstrates a specific modality to help improve air exchange in individuals whose lung function has been compromised by bronchoconstriction, the lack of functional alveoli, airway inflammation, and excessive sputum production. Here presents a case of a 70 year old female who has a
Published by: Dr Rajesh Soni, Dr.Pulkit Goyal, Dr.Arun Mathur, Dr.Ganpat Singh
Author: Dr Rajesh Soni
Paper ID: V10I5-1227
Paper Status: published
Published: September 24, 2024
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Business
The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the development of artificial intelligence (AI) is causing shifts in today’s business processes. Today's business environment is characterized by remarkable technological changes which have brought to the fore a new dimension of artificial intelligence (AI) as a crucial factor of innovation and competition in every industry (Haan, 2023). This paper also reviews the level of advancement of current AI technology the extent to which this technology is being utilized and its consequences in businesses around the world (McGinnis, 2020).
Published by: Shaurya Suyal
Author: Shaurya Suyal
Paper ID: V10I5-1214
Paper Status: published
Published: September 23, 2024
Harnessing Data Analytics for Supply Chain Optimization: Insights from Industry 4.0
The emergence of Industry 4.0 has revolutionized supply chain management through advancements in data analytics. This paper explores how organizations leverage data analytics to optimize their supply chains, focusing on increased efficiency, improved decision-making, and enhanced customer satisfaction. By examining key concepts, technologies, and detailed case studies, this research highlights the transformative potential of data analytics within the context of Industry 4.0, providing actionable insights for both researchers and practitioners.
Published by: Mudenahalli Ashoka Karthik
Author: Mudenahalli Ashoka Karthik
Paper ID: V10I5-1213
Paper Status: published
Published: September 23, 2024
Maritime Decarbonization
With increasing globalization and industrialization, world trade is experiencing significant growth. The maritime industry is the backbone of global trade, but it is a significant contributor to GHG emissions. This research paper delves into the negative impacts of the maritime industry on our environment, focusing on Heavy Fuel Oils (HFO’s), which emit large quantities of CO2 ,exploring the alternatives to these fuels such as Ammonia, Hydrogen, LNG’s etc. The study includes a case study of a company dominating market share in the maritime industry (Maersk) and another company which is a startup that has adopted environmentally friendly practices to achieve sustainability. Moreover, key obstacles such as fuel maturity, costs, and technological limitations are examined and policies implemented by the international organizations and steps taken by the Indian government are also considered. With increasing globalization and industrialization, world trade is experiencing significant growth. The maritime industry is the backbone of global trade, but it is a significant contributor to GHG emissions. This research paper delves into the negative impacts of the maritime industry on our environment, focusing on Heavy Fuel Oils (HFO’s), which emit large quantities of CO2 ,exploring the alternatives to these fuels such as Ammonia, Hydrogen, LNG’s etc. The study includes a case study of a company dominating market share in the maritime industry (Maersk) and another company which is a startup that has adopted environmentally friendly practices to achieve sustainability. Moreover, key obstacles such as fuel maturity, costs, and technological limitations are examined and policies implemented by the international organizations and steps taken by the Indian government are also considered.
Published by: Vinaya Dya
Author: Vinaya Dya
Paper ID: V10I5-1192
Paper Status: published
Published: September 21, 2024
Quantifying Financial Cyber Risks in Financial Institutions: Monte Carlo Simulations, Time-Series Forecasting, and Cost-Benefit Optimization
This study assesses the financial impact of cyberattacks on financial institutions by applying Monte Carlo simulations, ARIMA-based forecasting, and Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional VaR (CVaR) models to quantify direct and indirect losses, including regulatory fines, operational disruptions, and reputational damage. A cost-benefit analysis determines the optimal level of cybersecurity investment, and correlation analysis evaluates the systemic risks posed by cyberattacks across the financial ecosystem. The research finds that institutions face an average loss of $427.28 million over 10 years, with potential losses rising to $705.01 million in worst-case scenarios. VaR suggests a maximum expected loss of $268.23 million, while CVaR points to potential extreme losses of $437.36 million. Time-series forecasting projects continued growth in cyber losses, reaching $114.68 million annually by 2028. The study also reveals diminishing returns on cybersecurity investments beyond $1 billion, though positive ROI persists. Predictive models for cyber insurance estimate premiums ranging from $10.60 million to $176.52 million, helping institutions optimize risk mitigation strategies. These findings underscore the critical need for financial institutions to integrate cybersecurity into broader risk management frameworks, balancing investment with financial returns to enhance resilience against evolving threats.
Published by: Silvia Tsovwen Asakpa
Author: Silvia Tsovwen Asakpa
Paper ID: V10I5-1190
Paper Status: published
Published: September 21, 2024
A Study on Chromosomal Aberrations and Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Lead Industry Workers
Lead is a widely used heavy metal with known toxicological effects, including severe health problems such as neurological damage, cardiovascular issues, and kidney damage. This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effects of lead exposure in lead factory workers. Methodology: 173 lead factory workers and 179 control subjects were included in the study. Blood samples were analysed for lead levels using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cytogenetic damage was assessed by examining chromosomal aberrations (CA) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Results: Blood lead levels in lead factory workers significantly increased compared to controls. Chromosomal aberration analysis, which included gaps, breaks, dicentrics, and polyploidy, showed no significant differences between the two groups. Sister chromatid exchange frequencies were higher in lead factory workers (SCE/cell: 3.47) than in controls (SCE/cell: 3.17), although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study showed no cytogenetic damage in lead factory workers although there was an increase in the BLLs in the workers.
Published by: Spandhana Racharla, Shehnaz Sultana, P P Reddy
Author: Spandhana Racharla
Paper ID: V10I5-1201
Paper Status: published
Published: September 21, 2024
