How Might Behavioural Economic Principles Be Applied to Encourage Sustainable Consumer Behaviour in Product Design?
Sustainable consumer behaviour has become a priority worldwide as unsustainable consumption patterns continue to accelerate environmental degradation. While traditional economic models often assume rational decision-making, evidence shows us that consumers tend to rely on cognitive shortcuts, their emotions, as well as social influences. These factors help shape their everyday choices in ways that are not purely reasoned. Scholars in behavioural economics highlight how defaults (Thaler and Sunstein), emotions and social norms (Cialdini, Opower studies), and simplified design approaches (eco-labelling, minimalist packaging) can significantly influence behaviour without restricting the freedom of choice, which consumers usually consider a strong determining factor of consumption. However, these insights are rarely connected systematically to product design, which is where the problem arises. Building on this foundation, this paper explores how behavioural economic principles can be applied to encourage sustainable consumer behaviour through design. This research paper is limited to secondary data collection, peer-reviewed literature, and behavioural theories rather than primary data, which could include biases in such a sensitive topic. It also includes case studies such as Alibaba’s “no cutlery” default, energy-saving appliance settings, and the EU energy label. These real-world examples help me demonstrate how defaults, emotional and social reinforcement, and simplicity can guide consumers toward sustainability by embedding these behaviours into everyday interaction with products. Therefore, I argue that by strategically integrating behavioural economic principles into product design, firms can make sustainable behaviour the most effortless, emotionally rewarding, and socially reinforced choice, thereby generating lasting environmental and economic value.
Published by: Amaira Singh Chhabra
Author: Amaira Singh Chhabra
Paper ID: V11I6-1314
Paper Status: published
Published: December 23, 2025
Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Telemedicine among Nursing Students in Selected Nursing Colleges of District Mandi, H.P.
Good health is central to human happiness and well-being that contributes significantly to prosperity and wealth and even economic progress, as healthy populations are more productive, save more and live longer. Telemedicine is the exchange of medical information from one location to another using electronic communication, which improves patient health status. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme in improving the knowledge regarding telemedicine among nursing students. Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge regarding telemedicine among nursing students. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding telemedicine among nursing students. To find out the association between level of knowledge score regarding telemedicine among nursing students and their selected socio-demographic variables. Material and Method: Investigator adopted a quantitative research approach with the Quasi-experimental research design (non-randomized control trial design). The subject were 100 nursing students and the non-probability purposive sampling method was used for selection criteria. Data was collected using socio-demographic data profile and self-structured knowledge questionnaire regarding telemedicine. A structured teaching programme regarding telemedicine was implemented in the experimental group after the pre-test, followed by the post-test after seven days. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: In experimental group the mean knowledge score increased significantly from 20.26 (SD= 4.818) to 25.90 (SD = 1.446). this shows that the result was highly significant (t = 8.067, p < 0.001), indicating the intervention was effective. Whereas in control group there was no significant change in the knowledge score (Pre: 19.660, Post: 19.70, t = 0.096, p = 0.924), showing no impact without intervention. Conclusion: In the present study majority of the nursing students had Average level of knowledge regarding telemedicine in pretest. After implementing structured teaching program majority of the nursing students had good level of knowledge. Which indicates that the structured teaching programme was effective in enhancing the knowledge of nursing students regarding telemedicine.
Published by: Nikita Sharma, Sunita Devi, Priyanka Sharma
Author: Nikita Sharma
Paper ID: V11I6-1308
Paper Status: published
Published: December 22, 2025
Clinical Evaluation Report on Aswini Hiran Strong Pain Oil
Aswini Hiran Strong Pain Oil is a topical Ayurvedic pain-relieving preparation used for knee pain, joint pain, muscular pain, shoulder pain, and backache. The product claims a rapid onset of relief within minutes of application and significant improvement within 14 days of regular use. A prospective, open-label, Phase 4 clinical study was conducted on adult subjects (n = 30) experiencing musculoskeletal pain. Pain severity was measured using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS: 0–4) at baseline (Day 0) and after 14 days of regular application (Day 14). The study demonstrated significant improvement across all pain categories, with p < 0.001 for every parameter evaluated through a two-tailed paired t-test analysis. Mean pain reduction at Day 14 was 81.25% for knee pain, 78.13% for back pain, 89.29% for shoulder pain, and 78.57% for calf/muscle pain. Onset-of-relief assessments showed 80% of participants experienced noticeable relief within 10 minutes, with 10% reporting relief as early as 3 minutes. No adverse reactions or tolerability issues were reported. These findings substantiate the claims of Aswini Hiran Strong Pain Oil and confirm its effectiveness as a topical remedy for musculoskeletal pain.
Published by: Dr Gandhimathi, Mr.Anil Kumar
Author: Dr Gandhimathi
Paper ID: V11I6-1302
Paper Status: published
Published: December 22, 2025
Comparative Physicochemical Profiling of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana) and Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) Cultivars
Millets have re-emerged as functional grains due to their rich nutrient composition and diverse bioactive constituents. This study presents a comparative physicochemical evaluation of selected cultivars of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) to determine their nutritional and nutraceutical significance. Standard analytical parameters, including loss on drying (LOD), total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble ash, pH, and water-soluble extractive values were assessed following WHO and pharmacopoeial guidelines. Finger millet cultivars RAU-8 and Indaf-9 exhibited higher mineral content and extractive values, indicating superior nutraceutical potential. Pearl millet cultivars Pioneer 86M86 and ICMH-356 displayed the highest total ash and aqueous extractive yields, suggesting greater concentrations of polar phytochemicals. Comparative analysis revealed that finger millet excels in mineral richness, whereas pearl millet demonstrates higher extractive potential.
Published by: Anubha Pandey, CBS Dangi
Author: Anubha Pandey
Paper ID: V11I6-1307
Paper Status: published
Published: December 19, 2025
How Does Perceived Control in a Managerial Role Influence Physiological Stress Responses During Financial Fraud Situations?
Financial fraud events place intense psychological and physiological pressure on managerial decision-makers. Perceived control—defined as an individual’s belief in their ability to influence outcomes—plays a key role in modulating stress responses. This experimental study examined whether managers with high perceived control demonstrate lower physiological stress responses compared to those with low perceived control during a simulated financial fraud scenario. Using a laboratory-based mixed-design experiment (N = 60), participants were assigned to high-control or low-control managerial roles and exposed to both a neutral scenario and a fraud-crisis scenario. Stress responses were measured using galvanic skin response (GSR) and pulse-derived heart rate changes from baseline. Synthetic data modelled after real psychophysiological patterns were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA and delta-based t-tests. Results showed significantly greater increases in GSR and heart rate during the fraud scenario for the low-control group compared with the high-control group. Within-group analyses confirmed that both groups exhibited elevated physiological arousal during fraud relative to neutral tasks, but the magnitude of change was consistently higher in low-control participants. These findings suggest that perceived control acts as a protective factor, attenuating physiological stress during high-stakes financial decision-making. Implications for leadership selection, crisis management protocols, and stress-mitigation training are discussed. Beyond immediate stress reactivity, the study also highlights the potential cognitive implications of autonomic arousal during fraud-related decision-making. Elevated GSR and heart rate responses in low-control managers may reflect heightened emotional load, reduced cognitive flexibility, and impaired working memory—factors known to compromise decision quality under uncertainty. Conversely, individuals in high-control positions appeared to maintain more stable physiological profiles, suggesting the presence of regulatory mechanisms that may support clearer judgment, faster threat appraisal, and more adaptive responses during organizational crises. The methodological contribution of this study lies in the integration of GSR and pulse-based heart rate monitoring within a realistic financial fraud simulation, demonstrating the feasibility of combining psychophysiological tools with organizational-behaviour paradigms. Although the dataset employed was synthetic and modelled after established physiological patterns, the experimental framework provides a robust foundation for future empirical studies involving real participants. This approach offers valuable insights into how perceived managerial control can influence biological stress pathways, ultimately shaping crisis-management performance in high-risk financial environments.
Published by: Yana Pranati Sharma
Author: Yana Pranati Sharma
Paper ID: V11I6-1304
Paper Status: published
Published: December 19, 2025
India’s Evolving Foreign Policy: Leadership and Diplomacy in the Global South (2000–2025)
This paper examines the evolution of India’s foreign policy between 2000 and 2025 and evaluates how the country has positioned itself as a leading voice of the Global South. Building on its postcolonial legacy of non-alignment and South–South cooperation, India has adopted a multi-dimensional strategy that integrates multilateral diplomacy, development finance, vaccine and health diplomacy, digital public infrastructure sharing, and strategic partnerships. Through platforms such as the G20, BRICS, and the United Nations, India has increasingly shaped global governance debates, advocating for equity, climate justice, institutional reform, and inclusive development. Initiatives like Vaccine Maitri, concessional Lines of Credit, and digital cooperation demonstrate a shift from symbolic leadership to tangible implementation. However, India’s leadership remains constrained by capacity limits, domestic pressures, and geopolitical competition. The paper concludes that India’s emerging leadership model blends normative advocacy with pragmatic partnership, offering an alternative, non-coercive framework for Global South cooperation.
Published by: Kabir Bhasin
Author: Kabir Bhasin
Paper ID: V11I6-1303
Paper Status: published
Published: December 19, 2025
