Are Entrepreneurship Subsidies Effective in Reducing Urban Youth Unemployment?
The effectiveness of entrepreneurial subsidies in lowering youth unemployment in metropolitan areas is investigated in this study. Due to growing urbanization, a rise in young people looking for work, and a lack of formal sector job development, urban youth unemployment is still a significant socio-economic issue in many nations. To encourage young people to launch their own firms and become job creators rather than job seekers, governments have implemented a number of entrepreneurship subsidy programs, such as startup grants, low-interest loans, tax incentives, training programs, and mentorship efforts. The study uses secondary data from academic research, government publications, and policy reviews to examine the connection between young employment outcomes and entrepreneurial subsidies. It also looks at the benefits, drawbacks, and variables affecting these programs' efficacy. The study emphasizes that by promoting self-employment and the establishment of small businesses, entrepreneurship subsidies can contribute to a short-term decrease in unemployment. However, a supportive policy framework, market access, mentorship, and commercial acumen are all necessary for their long-term success. The results imply that although entrepreneurship subsidies can support economic growth and job creation, they are unable to address urban young unemployment on their own. Financial mismanagement, inexperience, and market competitiveness are some of the difficulties faced by many subsidized firms. In order to attain sustainable employment results for urban youth, the study suggests that entrepreneurship subsidies should be combined with more comprehensive employment initiatives like skill development, education reform, and improved labor market policies.
Published by: Aarohi Banerjie
Author: Aarohi Banerjie
Paper ID: V12I2-1187
Paper Status: published
Published: March 23, 2026
A Comparative Study of Decentralized Storage Systems: IPFS vs Traditional Cloud Storage
Rapidly expanding amounts of digital data are causing corporations and businesses alike to rely heavily upon cloud storage systems for managing and distributing this increasing amount of data. Traditional cloud storage solutions like Amazon S3 or Google Cloud Storage offer high levels of availability, scalability, and performance via their centralized systems. However, there are concerns about the lack of privacy for data stored in the cloud, too much reliance on one vendor (vendor lock-in), and having only one point of failure. In the last few years, decentralized systems have been developed to address these concerns, taking advantage of a peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture to provide better resiliency and resistance to censorship. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) and traditional cloud storage systems. It evaluates how both systems are architected, compares their performance characteristics and compares the costs of using each type of system. The results of an experimental setup measuring upload and download speed for several different file sizes illustrate key trade-offs between centralized versus decentralized storage systems. While cloud storage provides for a higher level of reliability and performance than that provided by IPFS, the authors conclude that IPFS has certain advantages over cloud storage in terms of decentralization and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, hybrid storage models may be the most practical solution for meeting the needs of new modern distributed applications.
Published by: Kyrylo Sotnykov
Author: Kyrylo Sotnykov
Paper ID: V12I2-1186
Paper Status: published
Published: March 23, 2026
The Science behind Prosthetics and Advancements in the Field
With advances in technology and design and the changing user expectations, lower limb prosthetics have experienced significant changes since the initial introduction of these devices. This paper examines how lower limb prosthetics have changed from simple mechanical devices to modern systems. These changes have been made through research, science, and user-centred design approaches. The paper looks at major areas surrounding the development of prosthetics for lower limbs, which include changes and improvements of materials over the years, design modifications to accommodate movement and comfort, and the ever-increasing impact of digital technology on prosthetic development. Issues related to the affordability, accessibility, and sustainability of lower limb prosthetics are also considered in the context of who benefits from modern-day lower limb prosthetics. Placing the design of lower limb prosthetics in the context of both the technical and social aspects helps to create a clear framework to identify the factors that comprise modern-day lower limb prosthetics and also assists in determining how future innovations in prosthetic technology will further enhance a person's ability to be mobile and independent.
Published by: Nyra Jain
Author: Nyra Jain
Paper ID: V12I2-1148
Paper Status: published
Published: March 20, 2026
Evolution of Artificial Organs
Artificial organs have been at the frontier of modern excitement in medicine for several reasons: the increasing prevalence of organ failure, limitations to transplantation, and advances in biomedical engineering. In this regard, the following is a concerning overview of artificial organs, including the development materials and technologies, investigations into individual artificial organs, and their wider clinical and technological contexts. Such discussions state that, insofar as artificial organs have many advantages and their limitations and challenges, there is a strong need for these kinds of emerging technologies to meet the enormous healthcare demands that have outpaced supply from donors. The present paper reviews cutting-edge developments and possible futures within the artificial organ research field, particularly focusing on the development of bioartificial and hybrid systems combining synthetic components with living biological systems. This review provides an objective overview of where the field stands regarding the development of artificial organs within regenerative and reparative medicine and, more importantly, where it could head in the next couple of decades.
Published by: Meher Gupta
Author: Meher Gupta
Paper ID: V12I2-1173
Paper Status: published
Published: March 19, 2026
Evolution and Emerging Trends in Programming Languages: A Survey
Programming languages have experienced significant transformation since the inception of computing, continuously evolving to address the increasing complexity of software systems and the changing demands of modern technology. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the evolution and emerging trends in programming languages, emphasizing key milestones that have shaped their development over time. The study explores the transition from early low-level and assembly languages to high-level procedural languages, followed by the emergence of structured programming and object-oriented paradigms that improved modularity, reusability, and maintainability. Furthermore, the paper examines the rise of modern multi-paradigm programming languages that integrate features from different paradigms to enhance flexibility and developer productivity. Special attention is given to the role of technological advancements in influencing programming language design, including the rapid growth of web technologies, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and data science. These developments have driven the demand for programming languages that are scalable, efficient, and capable of supporting large-scale and distributed systems. In addition, the study highlights how programming languages continue to evolve in response to industry requirements and developer needs, with a strong focus on simplicity, performance, and ecosystem support. By analyzing both historical evolution and current technological trends, this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the ongoing transformation of programming languages and their critical role in modern software development.
Published by: Bojken Shehu
Author: Bojken Shehu
Paper ID: V12I2-1179
Paper Status: published
Published: March 18, 2026
Global Cryptocurrency Regulation: A Comparative Analysis using India as a Benchmark
The rapid expansion of the global cryptocurrency market has created deep inconsistencies in national regulatory responses of sovereign countries and has raised questions regarding policies, innovation, and state motives. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of global cryptocurrency regulation using India as a benchmark to explore how economies of the world create a balance between decentralization and regulation. Drawing from the economic contexts, regulatory frameworks, judicial interventions, and policies of nations across Asia, the Americas, Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Oceania; the study inspects and identifies a variety of regulatory models, ranging from prohibitionist and control-centric regimes to liberal regimes that embrace innovation.
Published by: Arav Sahni
Author: Arav Sahni
Paper ID: V12I2-1175
Paper Status: published
Published: March 18, 2026
