Drinkable book
Water pollution affects the entire biosphere of plants and organisms living in these water bodies, as well as organisms and plants that might be exposed to the water. The effect can be damaging not only to individual species but also to the natural biological communities. The sources of water pollution can be grouped into point sources, non-point sources and groundwater pollution. Contaminants leading to water pollution include a wide spectrum of chemicals, pathogens, and physical changes such as elevated temperature. Measurement of water pollution is carried out by analyzing water samples with physical, chemical and biological tests. Control of water pollution can be achieved by appropriate wastewater treatment, providing safely managed sanitation services for people who are currently without access, agricultural wastewater treatment, erosion and sediment control from construction sites, and control of urban runoff.
Published by: G. V. R. Prasad
Author: G. V. R. Prasad
Paper ID: V4I4-1400
Paper Status: published
Published: August 3, 2018
Warka water tower
While the concept of water stress is relatively new, it is difficult to obtain sources of fresh water for use during a period of time and may result in further depletion and deterioration of available water resources. Water shortages may be caused by climate change, such as altered weather patterns including droughts or floods, increased pollution, and increased human demand and overuse of water. A water crisis is a situation where the available potable, unpolluted water within a region is less than that region's demand. Water scarcity is being driven by two converging phenomena: growing freshwater use and depletion of usable freshwater resources. Water scarcity can be a result of two mechanisms: physical (absolute) water scarcity and economic water scarcity, where physical water scarcity is a result of inadequate natural water resources to supply a region's demand, and economic water scarcity is a result of poor management of the sufficient available water resources. The increase in demand for water has led to new technology in SOUTH AFRICA. The new technology is named as “WARKA WATER TOWER”.
Published by: R. A. K. Eswari
Author: R. A. K. Eswari
Paper ID: V4I4-1399
Paper Status: published
Published: August 2, 2018
Asbestos free brake pad using Micro cellulose fibre for automotive industry
In this work application of Micro cellulose fibre in brake pad composites were successfully carried out. Micro cellulose fibres were modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxy-silane before using in the brake pad. Four different brake pads were prepared using compression moulding process with the different ratio of micro cellulose fibre along with, phenolic resin, barium sulphate, aluminium oxide and graphite. Properties of prepared brake pads were evaluated in terms of density, water and oil soaking test, compressive strength, hardness, flame resistance, wear rate, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, the coefficient of friction and scanning electron microscope. Brake pad composition with 10% weight of micro cellulose fibre showed the promising result with respect to other attempted compositions and are comparable to commercial sample.
Published by: Dinesh S Marewad, Girendra Pal Singh, Ravindra V. Adivarekar
Author: Dinesh S Marewad
Paper ID: V4I4-1390
Paper Status: published
Published: August 2, 2018
MANET geographic routing protocols: A review
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) are characterized by multi-hop wireless mobile nodes that communicate with each other without centralized control or established infrastructure. There are various challenges in MANET such as routing, dynamic topology, scalability, bandwidth optimization. But the major challenge in MANET is link failure due to high mobility. Topology-Based routing protocols become unsuitable for MANET when the nodes are highly mobile and topology changes dynamically. Geographic routing protocols are regarded as efficient and scalable when mobility is high. Therefore, geographic routing protocols have attracted a lot of attention in the field of routing protocols for MANET. This paper gives comparison of various geographic routing protocols such as Location-aided Routing (LAR), Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility (DREAM), Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR), Energy Aware Geographic Routing (EGR) on the basis of performance metrics such as network lifetime, delay, delivery ratio and energy consumption using NS2. Simulation result shows that EGR shows high delivery ratio and network lifetime than other geographic routing protocols.
Published by: Manika, Shabnam Sangwan, Reema Arora
Author: Manika
Paper ID: V4I4-1404
Paper Status: published
Published: August 2, 2018
Optimization of large size fabricated Y-Strainers for improvement in pressure drop value using CFD analysis
In this project, a Y type strainer is considered for analysis. The design is an important industrial activity which influences the quality of the product. The strainer is modeled by using modeling software SolidWorks. By using this software, the time spent in producing the complex 3- D models and the risk involved in the design and manufacturing process can be easily minimized. So, the modeling of the strainer is to be made by using SolidWorks. Later this SolidWorks model will be imported to ANSYS for analysis work. ANSYS is the latest software used for simulating the different forces, the pressure acting on the component and also calculating and viewing the results. By using ANSYS software reduces the time compared with the method of mathematical calculations by a human. Studies on flow behaviour in strainer have led to a continued effort on optimizing the strainer design. 3D, steady, incompressible, turbulent k-∈ navier stokes equations are solved numerically to predict the flow behaviour and flow coefficient. CFD helps in the design optimization process with better accuracy and a considerable reduction in design lead time. The present work aims to study the effect of pressure drop and flow behaviour across different strainer design. Based on the baseline simulation results, an optimized design is suggested. The calculated pressure drop for the optimized design shows 75% improvement compared to baseline design.
Published by: Sumit Shinde, Santosh Wankhede
Author: Sumit Shinde
Paper ID: V4I4-1374
Paper Status: published
Published: August 2, 2018
Solar energy resources for future development applications
Present days we are seeing that the vitality interest is becoming because of the expansion in the populace blast and the progression of new innovation. This outcome to the expansion in the utilization of fossil fills. World utilization of essential vitality extraordinarily expanded from 3.8 billion tons of oil proportional in 1965 to 11.1 billion tons of oil equal in 2007. From this, we can comprehend in the future that we have requested in renewable sources. Contrasted with other renewable wellsprings of vitality, sun-oriented vitality is a best one and uninhibitedly accessible vitality hotspot for overseeing long-haul issues in vitality emergency It is an imperative wellspring of renewable vitality and its advancements are comprehensively portrayed as either aloof sun based or dynamic sun oriented relying upon how they catch and disseminate sun based vitality or believer it into sunlight based force, The sunlight based industry would be the best alternative for future vitality request since it is unrivaled in cost viability, openness, limit and proficiency contrasted with other renewable vitality sources. This paper along these lines examines about the need of sun oriented industry with its crucial ideas, universes vitality situation, highlights of looks into done to overhaul sun-powered industry, its potential applications and hindrances for the better sunlight based industry in future keeping in mind the end goal to determine vitality emergency.
Published by: J. Sai Teja, K. Jaya Krishna
Author: J. Sai Teja
Paper ID: V4I4-1321
Paper Status: published
Published: August 2, 2018
