HFO– A replacement of ammonia in solar driven cooling systems
As the energy is the most fundamental before technology, its the basic element which affects the price as well as the overall economy of the industry. And we know that the conventional source of energy is continuously decreasing and in today,s world non-conventional energy is gaining high importance, thus solar energy is of great interest to the scientists of the world. Another threat to the whole world is ozone layer depletion potential and the global warming potential. Use of a solar cooling system could be the best solution to this problem. And one must get motivated work on Hydrofluoro Olefin (HFO) as its almost unexplored and has tremendous potential in the future world and could be a replacement of ammonia (R-717). Unlike ammonia, HFO has a very low effect on global warming, this feature is common for its contribution to global warming and it is not greater than CO2, HFC's and other common refrigerants. It is mainly due to their short lifespan that is within a couple of weeks for most of the HFO's.
Published by: Shivam Kumar
Author: Shivam Kumar
Paper ID: V4I4-1517
Paper Status: published
Published: August 23, 2018
Isolation of Pseudomonas fluorescence species from fish waste, assessment of siderophore production and their antibiotic activity by dual culture plate techniques
Siderophores are organic compounds with low molecular masses that are produced by microorganisms. Under the iron-restricted condition, many bacteria produce iron chealating siderophores. Siderophore chealate iron and supply to bacterial cell by outer membrane receptors. A great variation is seen in siderophore structure produced by many bacteria. Bacterial strains also produce fluorescence as the one like Pseudomonas fluorescence. They are prevalent in compost soil environment. They have received much attention in recent years because of their potential roles and application in various areas of environmental research. Their significance is because of their ability to kill bacterial and fungal pathogens. They act as an antibiotic and they have a wide range of chemical structures and specific properties. Even though siderophores have been reported from a variety of organisms inhabiting diverse environments. The study of marine siderophores is in its infancy as compared to their terrestrial counterparts. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to detect and characterize siderophores of unique Pseudomonas spp. isolated from sediments collected from the marine environment. Fish waste is one of major source of marine bacteria like Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Streptococcus Sp. The isolated strains were confirmed by biochemical characterization. The biosynthesis of a yellow-green, fluorescent, water-soluble pigment by p.fluorescens occurred only when the bacteria were iron-deficient and was not directly influenced by the nature of the organic carbon source. The pigment formed a very stable Fe3+ complex and was purified in this form. P.fluorescens produced only one molecular type of fluorescent pigment; however, its lability under mild alkaline conditions led to the formation of several pigmented decomposition products. Both its biosynthesis and its chemical properties (formation of a stable Fe3+ complex) suggest that the fluorescent pigment is a desferrisiderophore. The strain was grown in King`s B liquid for fluorescent pigment production and after that, it was extracted with acetone. Siderophore and their derivatives have a large application in agriculture as it increases soil fertility and is a biocontrol agent for fungal and bacterial pathogen. The present study deals with the isolation of the fluorescent isolates of P.fluorescens possessing a variety of promising properties which make them as better microbes. Twelve P.fluorescens isolates were isolated on King’s B and Pseudomonas isolation agar medium and their production of fluorescence under an UV transilluminator was assessed. The aim of the present study is to outline and discuss the important roles and form of siderophores in fish waste compost soil and to emphasize their significant roles that these small organic molecules could play an important role in biocontrol processes. A simple confrontation assay for identifying potential antagonists was developed. Fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates PS6, PS7, PS8, and PS10 were found to be antagonistic against both Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens.
Published by: K. Srimathi, Dr. H. Ann Suji
Author: K. Srimathi
Paper ID: V4I4-1500
Paper Status: published
Published: August 22, 2018
Improving castor productivity through optimizing sowing schedule and genotypes
Optimum sowing time with improved genotypes is one of the most important agronomic factor and non- monetary input which play an important role to exploit fully the genetic potentiality of a castor crop. Experiments were conducted for three consecutive years (2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16) during the Kharif season at the Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, (130 57’ 32” N, 700 37’ 38” E, 606 MSL), University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, India, to find out the optimum sowing schedule and genotype to maximize the castor productivity. The pooled data of three years indicates that the sowing during 2nd fortnight of August has recorded significantly higher yield (2407 kg ha-1) compared to the crop sown during the second fortnight of September (1946 kg ha-1) or October (1259 kg ha-1) or November (840 kg ha-1). Among the genotypes tested GCH-177 has recorded higher grain yield (1805 kg ha-1) compared to YRCH-1 (1627 kg ha-1), DCS-107 (1647 kg ha-1) and GCH-7 (973 kg ha-1). Extended dates of sowing of castor on the 2nd fortnight of August increased the seed yield by 19 and 65%, respectively. Economics analysis showed that sowing during 2nd fortnight of August and hybrid DCH-177 recorded higher gross return (Rs 86,669 ha-1 and Rs 64986 ha-1), net return (Rs 62,588 ha-1 and Rs 40905 ha-1) and B:C ratio(3.6 and 2.7) respectively.
Published by: Kumar Naik A. H., S. Sridhara, T. Basavaraj Naik
Author: Kumar Naik A. H.
Paper ID: V4I4-1501
Paper Status: published
Published: August 22, 2018
Estimation of soil erosion using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation and GIS
A comprehensive methodology that integrates Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model and Geographic Information System(GIS) techniques were adopted to determine the soil erosion vulnerability of a forested mountainous sub-watershed in Kerala, India. The spatial pattern of annual soil erosion rate was obtained by integrating geo-environmental variables in a raster-based GIS method. GIS data layers including, rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodability (K), slope length and steepness (LS), cover management (C) and conservation practice (P) factors were computed to determine their effects on average annual soil loss in the area. The resultant map of annual soil erosion shows a maximum soil loss of 282.2 t/h/yr with a close relation to grassland areas, degraded forests and deciduous forests on the steep side-slopes. The spatial erosion maps generated with RUSLE method and GIS can serve as effective inputs in deriving strategies for land planning and management in the environmentally sensitive mountainous areas.
Published by: Aswathy M R, Indulekha K P
Author: Aswathy M R
Paper ID: V4I4-1505
Paper Status: published
Published: August 22, 2018
Review on treatment of industrial wastewaters by Electrochemical Coagulation (ECC)
Electrochemical coagulation (ECC) technology has a long history and is still a very active location for research until today. The environmental sector showing large interest in ECC because of increasing pollution in different types of industrial effluent. It also contributions to the electrode material, operating condition, and reactor design. The electrocoagulation applications, advantages, and disadvantages discussed here. The goal is to form flocks of metal hydroxides among the effluent to be cleansed by electro-dissolution of soluble anodes. ECC was found to be capable of removing COD & Color from the affluent & it was found that the totally different electrode has different effectiveness in removing COD & Color, depends on the type of electrode. Finally, electrocoagulation can be the good option for the treatment of wastewater from various industries.
Published by: Neshma C M, Dr. B. M. Krishna
Author: Neshma C M
Paper ID: V4I4-1512
Paper Status: published
Published: August 22, 2018
A study on customers taste on the dairy products in Madurai district
The significant portion of milk produced in India is utilized for the production of traditional Indian dairy products. Recent advancements in the field of engineering and technology have helped Indian dairy product sector to grow and take an important place in the dairy market. Recent scientific studies indicate that these Indian dairy products are not only delicious but also have certain health benefits and therapeutic values. This review paper gives a brief introduction to different traditional dairy products and their importance. The objective of this paper is to make consumers aware of the beneficial aspects of Indian dairy products that they consume in their day to day life
Published by: Abinaya K, Santhi A
Author: Abinaya K
Paper ID: V4I4-1522
Paper Status: published
Published: August 22, 2018
