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Review Paper

A Study on the Plastic Waste Treatment Methods for Road Construction

Plastic found in different forms is almost 5% amongst municipal solid waste, which can prove to be toxic in nature. It is a common sight in both urban and rural areas to find empty plastic bags and another type of plastic packing material littering the roads as well as drains. Due to its biodegradability, it creates stagnation of water and associated hygiene problems. In order to contain this problem experiments have been carried out whether this waste plastic can be reused productively in the construction of roads. The experimentation at several institutes indicated that the waste plastic, when added to hot aggregate will form a fine coat of plastic over the aggregate and such aggregate, when mixed with the binder is found to give higher strength, higher resistance to water and better performance over a period of time. Therefore, it is proposed that we may use waste plastic in the construction of Rural Roads.

Published by: Raghvendra Bajpai, Maaz Allah Khan, Osama Bin Sami, Pramod Kumar Yadav, Pawan Kumar Srivastava

Author: Raghvendra Bajpai

Paper ID: V3I6-1323

Paper Status: published

Published: November 29, 2017

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Research Paper

Characterization and Quantization of Solid Waste in Ganga Villages of Haridwar

One of the most emerging challenges of the modern world of rapid urbanization is management and disposal of solid waste. Solid waste is generated from each and every household of the society so it is one of the most important aspects to consider for the management and disposal factors of generated waste. About 47% of world’s population (3.31 billion) and 68.84% (0.83308 billion) of India’s population resides in rural areas. The results showed that average daily per capita of household waste and cattle waste generation is 0.18, 18 kg/cap-day respectively. The main portion of household solid waste is organic and bio-degradable which is around 75% and remaining fraction comprise of paper, polyethene, plastics, textiles, rubber, glass, metal and inert are 6.62, 2.45, 0.89, 2.57, 0.32, 0.42, 0.41 and 5.26 in percentage respectively. The bulk density of household and cattle waste is 310.33 kg/m3, 805.076 kg/m3 respectively. The physical composition of household waste is moisture content, ash content, organic content is 83%, 31%, and 69% respectively and chemical characteristics (food and organic fraction) of the generated waste including the amount of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus is 1.74, 0.34, and 0.7 % respectively. Heavy metals in the waste were found to be in the very trace amount, so no further treatment is required. As the above results show that the bigger part of the solid waste generated in studied areas is organic and bio-degradable and most suitable techniques for this type of waste are composting and bio-methanation. For further treatment, this waste can be composted and used as fertilizer in agricultural fields and another way to deal with this waste is installation of biogas plant in which methane can be produced and the remaining slurry can be converted in to nutrient-rich compost for agricultural purpose to minimize the chemical fertilizer application especially in the agricultural field nearby the river. Finally, 100% of the solid waste has been utilized and its useful by-products are bio-gas and fertilizer generation, creating a win-win situation.

Published by: Pankaj Mandawat

Author: Pankaj Mandawat

Paper ID: V3I6-1311

Paper Status: published

Published: November 29, 2017

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Research Paper

Role of Internet in Contemporary Architectural Pedagogy

The growth of technology has advanced each and every scenario in the field of the profession as well as in education. Innovation took place with the growth of the economy and another governing factor. • Our basic approach in this research would be practically defining some prospects in the field of pedagogy related to architecture and how architectural education evolved in many ways. • Pedagogical skills improvised from one generation to another which brings changes to the education. • It has been developed in a way scope of innovation with the help of innovation and technology is possible.this dissertation will be related to the architecture. • How the pedagogy is changing day by day, what is its impact on students does it a process of learning and experience the share the of the teaching and learning environment. • I would be able to express my views about architectural pedagogy should be done and what innovations it needs. • To enhance the teaching and learning environment huge exercise to be done. Means the proper set up of curriculum and management because without that the improvisation will not be as well as executed in an efficient manner. • Architecture is the study that covers practical and theoretical aspects of teaching. • Pedagogy covers many topics which are related or studied via the internet, not by any other means. Internet incorporates many things, related to architecture in the form of art, design, interior. • Architecture doesn’t exist in isolation. It exists in the context of people, place, period and philosophy.They are very distinctive on their own.

Published by: Ar. Namita Kathuria

Author: Ar. Namita Kathuria

Paper ID: V3I6-1303

Paper Status: published

Published: November 29, 2017

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Review Paper

Remediation of DDT Contaminated Soil by Biological and Physicochemical Process

A practical and efficient disposal method for 1, 1, 1, Trichloro-2, 2bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) -Contained soil is reported. The treatment process was a combination technique first to extract DDT in the soil, and then to hydrogenate the extracted extract containing DDT. DDT was effectively extracted in the soil and hydro-dechlorinated in this treatment process.

Published by: Azhar Husain, Mukesh Singh, Kashif Khan, Abu Shahma, Maaz Allah Khan

Author: Azhar Husain

Paper ID: V3I6-1279

Paper Status: published

Published: November 29, 2017

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Case Study

Kailash Satyarthi: The Saviour of Childhood

It is a criminal offense to put children in awful work settings day, rejecting their right to have minimum education and snatching away their childhood. Some studies indicate that the money they make is so negligible it may not even add to the family's welfare. Many times it happens that economic condition is so bad that has forced the parents to make their children into child-laborers. The case study will focus on the role played by Kailash Satyarthi in initiating to eradicate the child labor from industries. The case will also focus on the initiatives taken by him on educating children. It will also depict what kind of characteristics he is having as a leader and as a social entrepreneur.

Published by: Rakesh Kumar, Sunil Kumar, Sania, Nancy Rastogi

Author: Rakesh Kumar

Paper ID: V3I6-1312

Paper Status: published

Published: November 29, 2017

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Research Paper

Ultrasonic Studies in the Solutions of Levofloxacin Hemihydrate, Tacrolimus Monohydrate and Lisinopril Dihydrate in Methanol

Ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity have been measured experimentally in the solutions of hydrates in nonaqueous medium i.e., methanol at two temperatures 30 and 40oC. From the derived parameters like internal pressure, adiabatic compressibility, free volume etc., the solute-solvent and solute-solute interactions are estimated. Also in all the three hydrates in methanol, apparent molar volume, apparent molar compressibility are computed and the limiting / partial molar volumes and compressibilities have been obtained to reveal the nature of interactions. Jones – Dole constants also evaluated are of high value in estimating the nature of interactions. On the whole, the dominance of solute-solute interactions in the solutions of levofloxacin hemihydrate is observed. In the solutions of tacrolimus monohydrate, mostly solute-solute interactions and strong solute-solvent interactions in the solutions of lisinopril dihydrate are found to be dominant.

Published by: Dr. J. Glory

Author: Dr. J. Glory

Paper ID: V3I6-1280

Paper Status: published

Published: November 28, 2017

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