Accuracy of Machine Learning Models for Plant Disease Detection
Agriculture is the backbone of a nation. India has about 96 million hectare of irrigated land. With the amount of land that is cultivated as farmland, detection and prevention of diseases in crops is paramount. When diseases affect plants, particularly through their leaves it effects the production of agricultural produce and decreases profitability of a given crop. Timely identification of these diseases is very challenging in affected plants. A reliable and fast way for the detection of diseases is necessary. Detecting disease may be a key to stop agricultural losses. The aim of this is to develop a software system that is able to efficiently find and classify diseases occurring in plants. The pictures of leaves can be used for detecting the plant diseases. Therefore, use of image process technique to find and classify diseases in agricultural applications is useful.
Published by: Harshith P. K., Bitopan Deka, Nikhil N., Sumanth T. S.
Author: Harshith P. K.
Paper ID: V6I4-1396
Paper Status: published
Published: August 18, 2020
Impact of GST on FMCG companies in India
GST (Goods and Services Tax) is a recent taxation policy introduced in India in 2017. This “one nation, one tax” aims at a simpler tax regime and transparency in all transactions. The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector is an important player in the market when it comes to GDP contribution and is the 4th largest sector in the Indian economy. GST has had a significant impact on the FMCG sector. This paper aims to understand the impact of the implementation of an Indirect Tax on the companies which contribute to the FMCG sector. The research of this paper is based on both primary and secondary sources. The outcomes aim to understand the overall effect of a major change on many small and medium sized enterprises.
Published by: Aalya Jhelumi
Author: Aalya Jhelumi
Paper ID: V6I4-1395
Paper Status: published
Published: August 18, 2020
A review of implementations in wearables to detect stress
In this era where robustness is in high demand, relying on medical professionals for your regular health checkup is a bit tedious. One of the major concerns in today’s world is the stress experienced by a user, which can have adverse effects on health, also known as cognitive stress, psychological stress or psychosocial stress. There are a lot of devices present to monitor and record rudimentary information of a user’s physiology. Groundbreaking and advanced technologies such as Polyplethysmography (PPG) which provides a wide spectrum of features which can be used to observe physiological changes and compute the stress level of a person. Use of wearable devices in health monitoring has increased exponentially over the past few years. In all these devices PPG sensor has been a key component. In this paper uses of PPG sensors are discussed for obtaining values for parameters such as blood flow, heartbeat, oxygen consumption etc. These features are further used to derive complex features, e.g. heartbeat is used to get heart rate variability which in turn can be used to detect sleep stages. Other sensors in smart watches can provide skin conductance which when collaborated with features like body temperature can provide hydration level of the body. In this paper, multiple algorithms and state-of-the-art researches that use PPG technology in wearables to monitor the above mentioned features are mentioned. It is discussed that stress can be detected using sleep history, hydration, heart rate variability and oxygen consumption.
Published by: Manish Kumar Sharma, Sheshank Kumar
Author: Manish Kumar Sharma
Paper ID: V6I4-1393
Paper Status: published
Published: August 18, 2020
Grid-Connected PV system using Single and Three Phase Neutral Point Clamped ML
In grid-connected photovoltaic systems, a key consideration in the design and operation of inverters is how to achieve high efficiency with power output for Various modes of operation. The classical inverters are three level having reduced complexity and robust design, but efficiency is low and harmonics are high. Hence increased power losses. These power quality issues can be over-come by designing a multi-level inverter (MLI). MLIs have a higher number of output voltage levels as compared to the two/three levels in traditional inverters. The advantage of MLIs is its staircase-like output waveform, which resembles more closely to sinusoidal waveform than the traditional inverters; hence THD is very low. In the proposed work a neutral point clamped MLI is designed for grid integration of PV system. The performance analysis have been carried out for both single as well as three phase system to obtain low THD and high efficiency.
Published by: Lalit Mishra, Sachindra Kumar Verma
Author: Lalit Mishra
Paper ID: V6I4-1387
Paper Status: published
Published: August 18, 2020
Scenario behind the water color changed from green to pink/red of Lonar Crater Lake, Maharashtra, India
Earlier Lonar Crater Lake water was green colored due to presence of green pigmented algae, and suddenly, it changed to pink/red by growing of pink/red pigmented organisms on the surface of the water. There are two reasons for the water of the crater to look pink/red colored i) halophilic bacteria (salts loving) and halophilic archaea suggested by Dr. Kanekar (scientist) and Dr. Khadse (scientist) (NEERI), ii) Fungus which survives on decaying organic matter this study. The news appeared in the newspaper Lokmat dated 11-6-2020, stating that the water of Lonar Crater Lake turned pink/red. As per Dr. Kanekar (scientist), the organisms that grows on highly saline nature of water body is responsible for the pink/red color, which grows on high salt content water body or field land, which are called as per Dr. Kanekar, the salt loving microorganisms names of those microorganisms are halophilic bacteria and halophilic archaea, which are similar to dunaliella salina (found in saline lakes), due to high evaporation, the water of the lake decreased and the concentration of the salts (NaCl) increased, These microorganisms survive where saline lakes exist. These organisms are photosynthetic organisms and have ability to produce large amount of carotenoid pigment which imparted pink coloration to the Lake water. As per Dr. Khadse (scientist), due to high evaporation, water level decreased and concentration of salts (NaCl) increased, due to which certain microorganisms such as halophilic bacteria and halophilic archaea (salt loving) similar to dunaleilla salina, found in saline lakes, capable to produce red pigmented carotenoid increased and the water looked pink/red color, they are similar to green algae, which are photosynthetic organisms. Our postulation or our assumption is that or it is of the opinion that the crater lake, being highly eutrophic, fungus growth may be possible on dead debris and decaying organic matter and pink color of growing fungus may have spread over the surface, which may have imparted pink/red color to the water body. Fungus is capable to produce pink red coloration. Since the first observation of the appearance of red pigmented algal bloom were observed on 9th November, 2019, by the authors of this paper as brownish pink coloration amidst the green algae on a large scale, and when the news about pink coloration of the lake first appeared in Lokmat dated 11-6-2020, it was felt necessary to study this phenomena in detail about the cause and the reasons for the pink coloration of the lake. This paper concentrates on fungus, which grows on dead debris of aquatic life. On the basis of earlier studies by different researchers, and the present situation of Lake, to search the answers to the questions, why the lake water looked pink/red colored, what are the causes and the reasons behind this phenonmena? A detailed study was conducted and is reported and discussed in detail of the whole phenomena in this paper. Being of preliminary investigations, a small attempt has been made to search the answers to the above questions.
Published by: Raju D. Jadhav, Harishchandra B. Mali
Author: Raju D. Jadhav
Paper ID: V6I4-1338
Paper Status: published
Published: August 14, 2020
Experiment on different indoor vertical gardening by hydroponic method for sustainable infrastructure
This paper discusses about conducting experiment on different indoor vertical gardening for the room dimension of 10’ x 10‘as specimen area aimed to improve indoor environment. Here four types of plants namely Tulsi, Aloe Vera, Money Plant, and spider plants are used for vertical gardening. Four residential single room located in different places in Bangalore is considered for this experiment. Each day these plants were increased from 0, 5, 10, 15 plants and checked for environmental parameters. The indoor environmental monitoring parameters are Air Quality index, Temperature, Noise, Humidity Check, Air Pressure. These parameters are checked in real time for the four days. The plants were grown by using Hydroponic method and the plants rooted by 80% soil and 20percent coco peat. The result shows that maximum of 37% of Indoor Air Quality index is improved by using Aloe Vera plants, Indoor temperature is reduced up to 2º C between indoor and outdoor, and 12% of increase in humidity by Tulsi plant. This project recommends that vertical gardening helps stabilizing the indoor environment and promotes sustainable infrastructure.
Published by: Dr. Aravinthan K., Haseeb Baig, Aanchal P., Gnaneshwari S., Khalid Pasha R.
Author: Dr. Aravinthan K.
Paper ID: V6I4-1381
Paper Status: published
Published: August 14, 2020
