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Research Paper

Water turbidity assessment in parts of Ganga River in Allahabad Region (Prayag) during Kumbh Festival

Turbidity can be defined as the opaqueness of water due to presence of suspended materials. The higher the amount of total suspended solids in the water, the higher the measured turbidity. Causes of turbidity include soil erosion, waste discharge, urban runoff, and algal growth. Turbidity is also defined as the reduction of clarity in water due to the presence of suspended or colloidal particles. Monitoring of turbidity becomes extremely important during events like Kumbh Mela which causes a sudden rise in river turbidity. Remote sensing obtains an optical measure of water turbidity in terms of Backscattering Units. Remotely sensed image from satellite has the potential to provide crucial information to offer considerable advantages for the study of large areas, determination of current and circulation patterns, and monitoring of sedimentation, water productivity, and eutrophication. WHO, The World Health Organization, establishes that the turbidity of drinking water should not be more than 5 NTU, and should ideally be below 1 NTU. But Ganga river flowing through Allahabad shows a sudden increase in turbidity up to 13-14 BU during the Kumbh mela Event. Turbidity increase results in harming the habitat areas for fish and other aquatic life. Turbid Particles also provide attachment places for other pollutants, notably metals and bacteria which makes the water contaminated and not suitable for drinking.

Published by: Anju Bajpai, Dr. G. Sreenivasan, Dr. C. S. Jha

Author: Anju Bajpai

Paper ID: V7I4-1775

Paper Status: published

Published: August 17, 2021

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Research Paper

Prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence among geriatrics residing in old age home in Kanyakumari district, India

Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a loss of bladder control and most often it is considered an embarrassing problem. Most of the people who are affected with urinary incontinence will not come out with their problem unless it is investigated. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors of Urinary Incontinence among geriatrics residing in old age homes in Kanyakumari District, India Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 47 females aged above 50 years residing in old age homes who were selected using purposive sampling technique, in 2020-21 in Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu, India. Each participant gave consent and was subjected to screening for urinary incontinence using the International continence society female urinary incontinence questionnaire. Result: The prevalence of urinary incontinence among study participants was 81% (30/37). Urinary Incontinence was significantly associated with age, parity, type of delivery, and history of UTI. Conclusion: Urinary Incontinence is highly prevalent among the geriatric population. Urinary Incontinence is significantly associated with Age, Marital Status, Religion, Education, Family type, Previous Occupation, Source of income, Reason for joining the old age home, Duration of stay at old age home, Mobility level, Activities of daily living, Frequency of exercise, History of medical illness, Previous diagnosis of Urinary Incontinence, History of gynecological surgery, Parity, Type of delivery, Body Mass Index, History of urinary tract infection, Visit by family.

Published by: P. C. Christal Joyce, Dr. S. S. Sharmila Jansi Rani, Dr. Vijayalakshmi K.

Author: P. C. Christal Joyce

Paper ID: V7I4-1800

Paper Status: published

Published: August 17, 2021

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Research Paper

An ekistical approach towards impact of water on human settlements

In the present scenario, the issues related to water, such as water stress, water scarcity, water quality are gaining much importance as these real-life problems are increasing day by day. It has been known that once pollution has come up in the environment, it may remain concealed for many years and makes the water resources unsuitable for consumption and other uses. The rate of degrading groundwater levels and depletion of water quality (both surface and groundwater) is of major concern in major cities and towns in the country. Thus, a metropolitan city must be selected as a study area, which is facing a severe problem of water pollution and its management.

Published by: Abdul Razzaq

Author: Abdul Razzaq

Paper ID: V7I4-1795

Paper Status: published

Published: August 17, 2021

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Research Paper

Role of rural credit in the socio-economic development of Himachal Pradesh

In India, rural development is contemplated as a prerequisite for fastening the pace of economic development and the welfare of the common masses. Rural development environs all the objectives of advancement and amelioration of the overall quality of the rural life through the provision of minimum needs and livelihood, adequate development of manpower resources, and infrastructural facilities. Thus, the present paper makes an attempt to analyze the need and the importance of credit for rural households. The detailed analysis of factors that highlight the role of rural credit and its contribution towards enriching the economy in rural areas has also been discussed here.

Published by: Shilpa Chauhan, Usha Sharma

Author: Shilpa Chauhan

Paper ID: V7I4-1785

Paper Status: published

Published: August 17, 2021

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Research Paper

Studies on diversity of medicinal plants in Dnyanganga wild life sanctuary of Buldhana district (Maharashtra)with reference to animal uses

India in the world is known for its indigenous biodiversity. As per India is concerned, medicinal plants have prime importance in the Indian religion, tradition, and Ayurveda. Buldhana district is a remote and small city in the Vidarbha region covering 966 thousand hectares area situated at 19.51N’ and 75.57 E -76 .40 E. Climate is dry, cold and the forest type is dry and deciduous with rainfall of 685mm. the forest coverage is 1168 sq.km., which is 12% of the total area. It harbors relatively rich plant diversity of flowering plants, timber trees, and medicinally important species. The significant information about these plants is collected from the local tribals, Ayurveda, and authentic publications.

Published by: Dr. Rasika N. Patil

Author: Dr. Rasika N. Patil

Paper ID: V7I4-1799

Paper Status: published

Published: August 17, 2021

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Research Paper

S-Pay (Secure Payment system for students)

S-Pay proposes a cashless transaction system for small-scale organizations such as schools and colleges, by designing an RFID terminal device and database server. The designed system consists of an RFID card as e-money which will be implemented in an ID Card, terminal transaction device, and database server. RFID acts as a unique ID owned by the user to identify themselves to authorize their transactions. The main objective of this project is to reduce the amount of human effort in dealing with cash inside campuses and also making it easy for students to purchase items inside the campus without compromising safety. Each transaction will be authorized by a PIN that is only known to the owner of the card. A website is developed from which students can log in to their account and know their current balance, see their transaction log and also change their PIN if required. Moreover, students won't be able to spend this money outside the college campus as the money is credited to their account which in turn is credited to a database that is not valid outside the campus, it is more like a currency that is only valid inside the campus.

Published by: Vaishnav G., Megha M. S., Sandra Sivaprasad, Nishley Elizabeth Joseph

Author: Vaishnav G.

Paper ID: V7I4-1751

Paper Status: published

Published: August 17, 2021

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