The research examines security connections between AI advancements and national security and constitutional governance within the Indian framework. Digital development in India has created obstacles for its constitutional framework that must balance cybersecurity requirements with cyber liberties safeguards. The closed connection between cybersecurity systems and national defence created new regulatory gaps requiring fresh constitutional reform. This paper examines how fundamental rights in Articles 19 and 21 of the Indian Constitution protect against digital threats. The Proportionality standard created in the Puttaswamy judgment for examining security measures has not been correctly executed within Indian cybersecurity governance operations. The separation of cyber threat responsibilities between the state and national governments remains unclear because traditional federal administrative structures cause difficulties when facing cross-jurisdictional threats. The original Information Technology Act of 2000 in India exists as pre-modern legislation to defend citizens against executive surveillance, but remains inadequate in these matters. The adoption of artificial intelligence technologies by national security operations creates constitutional tensions through machine-learning techniques that lead to issues explaining algorithm operations and automated system procedures. Previous judicial decisions in their outcomes and international cybersecurity strategies serve as research material to identify effective constitutional oversight models. The paper presents three proposed reforms establishing dedicated oversight bodies to enforce surveillance oversight and judicial supervision of security operations and set controls for AI systems in security applications. Analyzing Indian cybersecurity policies against constitutional requirements for security and personal rights enhances digital constitutional evolution beneficial to nations working on developing digital regulatory frameworks for people safety and national security.