The Rajabai Clock Tower, an iconic Gothic Revival structure in Mumbai, has stood as a cultural and architectural landmark since its completion in 1878. Over the years, factors such as weathering, pollution, material aging, and structural stress have led to deterioration, necessitating a comprehensive rehabilitation and retrofitting strategy to preserve its historical and structural integrity. This study focuses on assessing the structural condition of the tower using non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques, such as ultrasonic pulse velocity, rebound hammer tests, and thermal imaging. A detailed damage assessment was conducted to identify material degradation, cracks, moisture infiltration, and foundation settlement. Computational finite element analysis (FEA) was also used to evaluate load distribution and stress concentrations. The rehabilitation approach involves restoration of damaged stonework, stained glass panels, and intricate carvings using compatible materials. Retrofitting techniques include micro-jacketing, crack injection, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement, and waterproofing to enhance the tower’s structural resilience while maintaining its original aesthetics. Advanced conservation methodologies ensure that modifications blend seamlessly with the existing heritage fabric. By implementing a sustainable and minimally invasive retrofitting approach, this project ensures that the Rajabai Clock Tower remains a historically preserved and structurally sound landmark for future generations. This research serves as a case study for heritage conservation, demonstrating a balance between architectural restoration and modern engineering solutions.