This paper examines the evolution of India’s foreign policy between 2000 and 2025 and evaluates how the country has positioned itself as a leading voice of the Global South. Building on its postcolonial legacy of non-alignment and South–South cooperation, India has adopted a multi-dimensional strategy that integrates multilateral diplomacy, development finance, vaccine and health diplomacy, digital public infrastructure sharing, and strategic partnerships. Through platforms such as the G20, BRICS, and the United Nations, India has increasingly shaped global governance debates, advocating for equity, climate justice, institutional reform, and inclusive development. Initiatives like Vaccine Maitri, concessional Lines of Credit, and digital cooperation demonstrate a shift from symbolic leadership to tangible implementation. However, India’s leadership remains constrained by capacity limits, domestic pressures, and geopolitical competition. The paper concludes that India’s emerging leadership model blends normative advocacy with pragmatic partnership, offering an alternative, non-coercive framework for Global South cooperation.