This paper is going to deal with the introduction for the artificial neural network and the neural network, then the characteristics of Artificial Neural Network, Applications of neural networks, Benefits and the types of learning such as supervised, unsupervised, and Reinforcement learning in supervised it is classified into 2 types as classification, regression, in unsupervised there are mainly two types such as clustering and association. An example of pattern recognition, Bayesian Network, Building the Bayesian network, types of ANN that are the feedback and feed-forward architectures, three important components of ANN and finally the main challenges in ANN and the solutions for the same.