This paper is published in Volume-12, Issue-5, 2026
Area
Enviroinmental Science
Author
Reshma B, Selvalakshmi U, Megaa S R, Ranjani A, Keerthana G
Org/Univ
K. Ramakrishnan College of Technology, Tiruchirappalli (Trichy), Tamil Nadu,, India
Keywords
Wastewater Monitoring, Soft Sensor, Bod Estimation, COD Estimation, Machine Learning, Turbidity, Conductivity, Low-Cost IoT, MSME Pollution Screening, Edge Inference
Citations
IEEE
Reshma B, Selvalakshmi U, Megaa S R, Ranjani A, Keerthana G. A Low-Cost Dual-Layer Wastewater Pollution and Toxicity Monitor for MSMEs, International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, www.IJARIIT.com.
APA
Reshma B, Selvalakshmi U, Megaa S R, Ranjani A, Keerthana G (2026). A Low-Cost Dual-Layer Wastewater Pollution and Toxicity Monitor for MSMEs. International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 12(5) www.IJARIIT.com.
MLA
Reshma B, Selvalakshmi U, Megaa S R, Ranjani A, Keerthana G. "A Low-Cost Dual-Layer Wastewater Pollution and Toxicity Monitor for MSMEs." International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology 12.5 (2026). www.IJARIIT.com.
Reshma B, Selvalakshmi U, Megaa S R, Ranjani A, Keerthana G. A Low-Cost Dual-Layer Wastewater Pollution and Toxicity Monitor for MSMEs, International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, www.IJARIIT.com.
APA
Reshma B, Selvalakshmi U, Megaa S R, Ranjani A, Keerthana G (2026). A Low-Cost Dual-Layer Wastewater Pollution and Toxicity Monitor for MSMEs. International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 12(5) www.IJARIIT.com.
MLA
Reshma B, Selvalakshmi U, Megaa S R, Ranjani A, Keerthana G. "A Low-Cost Dual-Layer Wastewater Pollution and Toxicity Monitor for MSMEs." International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology 12.5 (2026). www.IJARIIT.com.
Abstract
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) testing is required to monitor pollution load for all medium-scale industrial units that generate process wastewater legally. The incubation period for BOD can be up to five days, which makes it impractical to perform routine testing for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), leading to the practice of more frequent pollution monitoring being neglected. In this paper, a cost-field-deployable wastewater screening architecture is proposed, which indirectly estimates BOD and COD by two low-cost proxy measurements. Turbidity, electrical conductivity. The proposed system assumes a 2-sensor input space to enable the full system from acquisition to inference to run on a low-power microcontroller without needing external connectivity. This paper outlines the system architecture, data-collection protocol, candidate regression algorithms, and an evaluation plan using regression metrics compared against statutory discharge limits, placing the system in a position to be a cost-effective early-warning screening device as opposed to a certified laboratory replacement.
